EHA Library - The official digital education library of European Hematology Association (EHA)

THE RIBOSOMAL RPL10 R98S MUTATION DRIVES IRES-DEPENDENT BCL-2 TRANSLATION IN T-ALL
Author(s): ,
Kim R. Kampen
Affiliations:
Laboratoryfor Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Sergey O. Sulima
Affiliations:
Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Benno Verbelen
Affiliations:
Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Tiziana Girardi
Affiliations:
Laboratoryfor Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Stijn Vereecke
Affiliations:
Laboratoryfor Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Gianmarco Rinaldi
Affiliations:
Center for Cancer Biology,VIB-KU Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Jelle Verbeeck
Affiliations:
Laboratoryfor Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Jelle Verbeeck
Affiliations:
Laboratoryfor Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Joyce Op de Beeck
Affiliations:
Laboratoryfor Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Anne Uyttebroeck
Affiliations:
Department of Pediatric Oncology & Hematology,University Hospitals Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Jules P. P. Meijerink
Affiliations:
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology,Utrecht,Netherlands
,
Anthony V. Moorman
Affiliations:
Leukaemia Research Cytogenetics Group,Northern Institute for Cancer Research,Newcastle-upon-Tyne,United Kingdom
,
Christine J. Harrison
Affiliations:
Leukaemia Research Cytogenetics Group,Northern Institute for Cancer Research,Newcastle-upon-Tyne,United Kingdom
,
Pieter Spincemaille
Affiliations:
Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology and Metabolic Center,University Hospitals Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Jan Cools
Affiliations:
Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Leukemia,VIB-KU Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
David Cassiman
Affiliations:
Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology and Metabolic Center,University Hospitals Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Sarah-Maria Fendt
Affiliations:
Center for Cancer Biology,VIB-KU Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
,
Pieter Vermeersch
Affiliations:
Department of Laboratory Medicine,University Hospitals Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
Kim De Keersmaecker
Affiliations:
Laboratoryfor Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Oncology,KU leuven,Leuven,Belgium
(Abstract release date: 05/17/18) EHA Library. Kampen K. 06/16/18; 214606; S827
Kim Kampen
Kim Kampen
Contributions
Abstract

Abstract: S827

Type: Oral Presentation

Presentation during EHA23: On Saturday, June 16, 2018 from 12:30 - 12:45

Location: Room A6

Background
While outcomes of pediatric T-ALL improved with the induction of multi-agent chemotherapy, event-free survival rates of 75% and long-term toxicity remain major problems of the current therapies. Thus, targeted treatments that specifically interfere with genetic subgroups are needed. As such, the R98S mutation in ribosomal protein L10 (RPL10 R98S) was identified in 8% of pediatric T-ALL cases.

Aims
Better delineation of the oncogenic role of RPL10 R98S in order to identify targeted therapies for RPL10 R98S positive T-ALL.

Methods
RPL10 R98S engineered Jurkat T-ALL cells, lineage negative (lin-) bone marrow (BM) cells from an RPL10 R98S knock-in mouse, and T-ALL PDX samples were used as models to study the effect of R98S on cell functions. Cell viability assays using PI exclusion or ATP measurements. Colony forming cell assays. Growth curves. Luciferase reporter assays. Treatment of  T-ALL PDX models.

Results

A previously published quantitative proteomics screen showed that the peroxisome, the cellular organelle in which b-oxidation of very long-chain fatty acids occurs, as well as associated metabolic pathways were upregulated in RPL10 R98S Ba/F3 cells. The observed increase in peroxisomal protein expression was confirmed in RPL10 R98S JURKAT cells, in lin- RPL10 R98S mouse BM cells, and in T-ALL PDX samples. Peroxisomal β-oxidation produces high levels of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). All RPL10 R98S mutant cell models presented a 20-40% increase in ROS expression as compared to RPL10 WT cells, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and the hypoproliferation defect of RPL10 R98S cells. Elevated ROS levels are a known source of DNA damage and may induce genomic instability in RPL10 R98S leukemia patients.       

               Cells that encounter high ROS levels typically undergo programmed cell death, as observed in RPL10 WT cells. In contrast, RPL10 R98S cells showed enhanced survival phenotypes, especially under nutrient poor conditions. Proteomics data presented elevated levels of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 expression, which was confirmed by a 2-fold increased protein expression in all RPL10 R98S cell models, while other proteins regulating apoptosis were unchanged. BCL-2 has previously been shown to be regulated by stress-induced IRES-mediated translation. BCL-2 IRES reporter assays in Jurkat cells indicated that RPL10 R98S mutant ribosomes have an intrinsically higher capability to drive IRES-dependent BCL-2 translation, independent of oxidative stress.

               Elevated BCL-2 expression in RPL10 R98S cells may provide therapeutic opportunities, as BCL-2 inhibitors such as ABT-199/venetoclax are clinically used for other leukemias. We examined the efficacy of ABT-199 (50 mg/kg, once/week i.p.) on RPL10 WT and R98S mutant T-ALL PDX models.  ABT-199 treatment completely suppressed appearance of human leukemia cells in the blood, prevented the occurrence of splenomegaly, and decreased the bone marrow engraftment by 30-50% in RPL10 R98S xenografted T-ALL animals, while RPL10 WT T-ALL PDX in vivo responses were undetectable at most leukemic infiltration sites.

Conclusion
The RPL10 R98S mutation enhances peroxisomal β-oxidation, resulting in accumulation of ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular hypoproliferation. Selective preference of RPL10 R98S mutant ribosomes for IRES-dependent BCL-2 translation allows R98S cells to survive under high oxidative stress. Finally, we demonstrate that RPL10 R98S positive T-ALL samples represent a subgroup that is highly sensitive to BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199. 

Session topic: 1. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia – Biology & Translational Research

Keyword(s): BCL2, T-ALL

Abstract: S827

Type: Oral Presentation

Presentation during EHA23: On Saturday, June 16, 2018 from 12:30 - 12:45

Location: Room A6

Background
While outcomes of pediatric T-ALL improved with the induction of multi-agent chemotherapy, event-free survival rates of 75% and long-term toxicity remain major problems of the current therapies. Thus, targeted treatments that specifically interfere with genetic subgroups are needed. As such, the R98S mutation in ribosomal protein L10 (RPL10 R98S) was identified in 8% of pediatric T-ALL cases.

Aims
Better delineation of the oncogenic role of RPL10 R98S in order to identify targeted therapies for RPL10 R98S positive T-ALL.

Methods
RPL10 R98S engineered Jurkat T-ALL cells, lineage negative (lin-) bone marrow (BM) cells from an RPL10 R98S knock-in mouse, and T-ALL PDX samples were used as models to study the effect of R98S on cell functions. Cell viability assays using PI exclusion or ATP measurements. Colony forming cell assays. Growth curves. Luciferase reporter assays. Treatment of  T-ALL PDX models.

Results

A previously published quantitative proteomics screen showed that the peroxisome, the cellular organelle in which b-oxidation of very long-chain fatty acids occurs, as well as associated metabolic pathways were upregulated in RPL10 R98S Ba/F3 cells. The observed increase in peroxisomal protein expression was confirmed in RPL10 R98S JURKAT cells, in lin- RPL10 R98S mouse BM cells, and in T-ALL PDX samples. Peroxisomal β-oxidation produces high levels of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). All RPL10 R98S mutant cell models presented a 20-40% increase in ROS expression as compared to RPL10 WT cells, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and the hypoproliferation defect of RPL10 R98S cells. Elevated ROS levels are a known source of DNA damage and may induce genomic instability in RPL10 R98S leukemia patients.       

               Cells that encounter high ROS levels typically undergo programmed cell death, as observed in RPL10 WT cells. In contrast, RPL10 R98S cells showed enhanced survival phenotypes, especially under nutrient poor conditions. Proteomics data presented elevated levels of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 expression, which was confirmed by a 2-fold increased protein expression in all RPL10 R98S cell models, while other proteins regulating apoptosis were unchanged. BCL-2 has previously been shown to be regulated by stress-induced IRES-mediated translation. BCL-2 IRES reporter assays in Jurkat cells indicated that RPL10 R98S mutant ribosomes have an intrinsically higher capability to drive IRES-dependent BCL-2 translation, independent of oxidative stress.

               Elevated BCL-2 expression in RPL10 R98S cells may provide therapeutic opportunities, as BCL-2 inhibitors such as ABT-199/venetoclax are clinically used for other leukemias. We examined the efficacy of ABT-199 (50 mg/kg, once/week i.p.) on RPL10 WT and R98S mutant T-ALL PDX models.  ABT-199 treatment completely suppressed appearance of human leukemia cells in the blood, prevented the occurrence of splenomegaly, and decreased the bone marrow engraftment by 30-50% in RPL10 R98S xenografted T-ALL animals, while RPL10 WT T-ALL PDX in vivo responses were undetectable at most leukemic infiltration sites.

Conclusion
The RPL10 R98S mutation enhances peroxisomal β-oxidation, resulting in accumulation of ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular hypoproliferation. Selective preference of RPL10 R98S mutant ribosomes for IRES-dependent BCL-2 translation allows R98S cells to survive under high oxidative stress. Finally, we demonstrate that RPL10 R98S positive T-ALL samples represent a subgroup that is highly sensitive to BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199. 

Session topic: 1. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia – Biology & Translational Research

Keyword(s): BCL2, T-ALL

By clicking “Accept Terms & all Cookies” or by continuing to browse, you agree to the storing of third-party cookies on your device to enhance your user experience and agree to the user terms and conditions of this learning management system (LMS).

Cookie Settings
Accept Terms & all Cookies