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DNMT3A MUTATIONS IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (AML): MONITORING OF MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE (MRD). A STUDY OF THE AML STUDY GROUP (AMLSG).
Author(s): ,
Verena I. Gaidzik
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Daniela Weber
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Peter Paschka
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Stefan Krieger
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Anna Kaumanns
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Jan Krönke
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Silke Kapp-Schwoerer
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Claus-Henning Köhne
Affiliations:
Klinikum Oldenburg,Oldenburg,Germany
,
Heinz-August Horst
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Kiel,Kiel,Germany
,
Ingo Schmidt-Wolf
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Bonn,Bonn,Germany
,
Gerhard Held
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes,Homburg,Germany
,
Andrea Kündgen
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf,Düsseldorf,Germany
,
Mark Ringhoffer
Affiliations:
Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe GmbH,Karlsruhe,Germany
,
Katharina Götze
Affiliations:
Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München,München,Germany
,
Thomas Kindler
Affiliations:
Universitätsmedizin Mainz,Mainz,Germany
,
Walter Fiedler
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf,Hamburg,Germany
,
Mohammed Wattad
Affiliations:
Kliniken Essen Süd, Ev. Krankenhaus Essen-Werden gGmbH,Essen,Germany
,
Andrea Corbacioglu
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Lars Bullinger
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Brigitte Schlegelberger
Affiliations:
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover,Hannover,Germany
,
Felicitas Thol
Affiliations:
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover,Hannover,Germany
,
Michael Heuser
Affiliations:
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover,Hannover,Germany
,
Arnold Ganser
Affiliations:
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover,Hannover,Germany
,
Richard F. Schlenk
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
,
Hartmut Döhner
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
Konstanze Döhner
Affiliations:
Universitätsklinikum Ulm,Ulm,Germany
(Abstract release date: 05/21/15) EHA Library. Gaidzik V. 06/13/15; 103190; S451 Disclosure(s): Universitätsklinikum Ulm
Dr. Verena I Gaidzik
Dr. Verena I Gaidzik
Contributions
Abstract
Abstract: S451

Type: Oral Presentation + travel grant

Presentation during EHA20: From 13.06.2015 11:30 to 13.06.2015 11:45

Location: Room Lehar 1 + 2

Background

DNMT3A is frequently mutated in AML and associated with a poor overall (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). The presence of DNMT3A mutations (DNMT3Amut) in early preleukemic stem cells and in apparently healthy elderly highlight its pathogenic role as a founder mutation and as pre-disposing event in leukemia. Within our clinical AMLSG trials we addressed the question if MRD monitoring in DNMT3Amut patients (pts) has clinical impact and delivers further information for risk-adapted therapy and clonal hematopoiesis.



Aims

To monitor MRD for the most common DNMT3Amut (DNMT3Amut-R882H, n=111 and -R882C, n=48) in a large cohort of AML pts entered on three AMLSG treatment trials [AML HD98A (n=14; NCT00146120), AMLSG 07-04 (n=87; NCT00151242), AMLSG 09-09 (n=58; NCT00893399)].



Methods

DNMT3Amut MRD monitoring was performed using a cDNA-based RQ-PCR-assay by TaqMan technology with a sensitivity between 10-3 and 10-4. MRD levels have been reported as normalized values of DNMT3Amut transcripts per 104 ABL1 transcripts (DNMT3Amut/104 ABL1).



Results

In total, 1,168 samples [bone marrow (BM), n=615; peripheral blood (PB), n=553] from 159 DNMT3Amut pts were analysed [diagnosis, n=256; during therapy, n=719; follow-up, n=193]. Median BM DNMT3Amut transcript level (TL) at the time of diagnosis was 12690 (range, 0-54280); TL were not associated with known clinical characteristics or mutations in NPM1 or FLT3; there was no impact on OS and RFS. DNMT3Amut TL during therapy were significantly higher in BM after induction I, consolidation I and II (p=0.01; p=0.0003; p=0.01) than in PB. After double induction therapy (DI) there was no difference in the median of TL between 102 pts in complete remission (CR) and 12 pts not in CR (12694 and 11309, respectively). There was no prognostic impact of BM DNMT3Amut TL as log 10 transformed continuous variable during therapy with regard to death and relapse. Strikingly, the greatest TL reduction was seen after induction I (one log) whereas subsequent therapies did not significantly influence TL. Next, we evaluated the impact of DNMT3Amut MRD monitoring for the clinical endpoints OS, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) and remission duration (RD) after DI and after end of therapy (ET). After DI and ET, only 7/75 and 4/63 BM samples became MRD negative. At these two time-points MRD positivity did not significantly impact OS (p=0.89; p=0.73), CIR (p=0.74; p=0.29) and RD (p=0.61; p=0.30). Then we investigated the MRD DNMT3Amut log10-reduction (compared to level at diagnosis) using the median as a cut-off after DI and ET. Again, there was no significant correlation for pts with a higher TL reduction compared with a lower TL reduction for OS and RD after DI and ET (p=0.87; p=0.38; p=0.67; p=0.57, respectively). Finally, we evaluated the BM DNMT3Amut TL as 4 increasing equally sized intervals according to the quartiles of the distribution. There was no prognostic impact after DI on OS and RD (p=0.24; p=0.85) and ET (p=0.38; p=0.44). To increase the number of samples, we also performed the analyses for BM and PB samples, but again, there was no significant impact on prognosis.



Summary

In our study neither the absolute BM DNMT3Amut TL at the time of diagnosis nor the reduction of TL or the increasing quartiles after DI and ET showed prognostic impact. In contrast to AML with NPM1 mutation or associated gene fusions, most pts had persistent DNMT3Amut TL supporting the role of persistent clonal hematopoiesis. Serial investigation of DNMT3Amut and its concurrent mutations will provide further insights into the clonal evolution of AML.



Keyword(s): Acute myeloid leukemia, Minimal residual disease (MRD), Mutation

Session topic: Molecular markers in AML
Abstract: S451

Type: Oral Presentation + travel grant

Presentation during EHA20: From 13.06.2015 11:30 to 13.06.2015 11:45

Location: Room Lehar 1 + 2

Background

DNMT3A is frequently mutated in AML and associated with a poor overall (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). The presence of DNMT3A mutations (DNMT3Amut) in early preleukemic stem cells and in apparently healthy elderly highlight its pathogenic role as a founder mutation and as pre-disposing event in leukemia. Within our clinical AMLSG trials we addressed the question if MRD monitoring in DNMT3Amut patients (pts) has clinical impact and delivers further information for risk-adapted therapy and clonal hematopoiesis.



Aims

To monitor MRD for the most common DNMT3Amut (DNMT3Amut-R882H, n=111 and -R882C, n=48) in a large cohort of AML pts entered on three AMLSG treatment trials [AML HD98A (n=14; NCT00146120), AMLSG 07-04 (n=87; NCT00151242), AMLSG 09-09 (n=58; NCT00893399)].



Methods

DNMT3Amut MRD monitoring was performed using a cDNA-based RQ-PCR-assay by TaqMan technology with a sensitivity between 10-3 and 10-4. MRD levels have been reported as normalized values of DNMT3Amut transcripts per 104 ABL1 transcripts (DNMT3Amut/104 ABL1).



Results

In total, 1,168 samples [bone marrow (BM), n=615; peripheral blood (PB), n=553] from 159 DNMT3Amut pts were analysed [diagnosis, n=256; during therapy, n=719; follow-up, n=193]. Median BM DNMT3Amut transcript level (TL) at the time of diagnosis was 12690 (range, 0-54280); TL were not associated with known clinical characteristics or mutations in NPM1 or FLT3; there was no impact on OS and RFS. DNMT3Amut TL during therapy were significantly higher in BM after induction I, consolidation I and II (p=0.01; p=0.0003; p=0.01) than in PB. After double induction therapy (DI) there was no difference in the median of TL between 102 pts in complete remission (CR) and 12 pts not in CR (12694 and 11309, respectively). There was no prognostic impact of BM DNMT3Amut TL as log 10 transformed continuous variable during therapy with regard to death and relapse. Strikingly, the greatest TL reduction was seen after induction I (one log) whereas subsequent therapies did not significantly influence TL. Next, we evaluated the impact of DNMT3Amut MRD monitoring for the clinical endpoints OS, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) and remission duration (RD) after DI and after end of therapy (ET). After DI and ET, only 7/75 and 4/63 BM samples became MRD negative. At these two time-points MRD positivity did not significantly impact OS (p=0.89; p=0.73), CIR (p=0.74; p=0.29) and RD (p=0.61; p=0.30). Then we investigated the MRD DNMT3Amut log10-reduction (compared to level at diagnosis) using the median as a cut-off after DI and ET. Again, there was no significant correlation for pts with a higher TL reduction compared with a lower TL reduction for OS and RD after DI and ET (p=0.87; p=0.38; p=0.67; p=0.57, respectively). Finally, we evaluated the BM DNMT3Amut TL as 4 increasing equally sized intervals according to the quartiles of the distribution. There was no prognostic impact after DI on OS and RD (p=0.24; p=0.85) and ET (p=0.38; p=0.44). To increase the number of samples, we also performed the analyses for BM and PB samples, but again, there was no significant impact on prognosis.



Summary

In our study neither the absolute BM DNMT3Amut TL at the time of diagnosis nor the reduction of TL or the increasing quartiles after DI and ET showed prognostic impact. In contrast to AML with NPM1 mutation or associated gene fusions, most pts had persistent DNMT3Amut TL supporting the role of persistent clonal hematopoiesis. Serial investigation of DNMT3Amut and its concurrent mutations will provide further insights into the clonal evolution of AML.



Keyword(s): Acute myeloid leukemia, Minimal residual disease (MRD), Mutation

Session topic: Molecular markers in AML

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